Truman desegregated US military.

• A. Sweatt v Painter
• B. Brown v Board of Education
• C. Executive Order 9981
• D. Edgewood ISD v Kirby

Answer: (C)

The main idea tested is how the federal government used presidential authority to end racial segregation in a national institution. President Truman addressed the issue directly with Executive Order 9981 in 1948, directing that all branches of the armed forces be integrated and that no person should be discriminated against on the basis of race when serving. This order made desegregation official policy for the military and established a precedent that civil rights could be advanced through executive action, influencing later advances in equal rights across American society.

The other items are about education and funding rather than the military. Sweatt v. Painter and Brown v. Board of Education were landmark Supreme Court cases challenging segregation in schools, while Edgewood ISD v. Kirby dealt with public school funding in Texas. They’re important civil rights milestones, but they don’t describe desegregating the armed forces.